2001

Tightly-focused femtosecond laser pulses are used to produce localized structural changes in bulk glass. The morphology of these structures is studied using optical and electron microscopy, and several mechanisms for producing structural changes are identified.

We demonstrate a new type of frequency resolved optical gating using the two- photon-absorption nonlinearity. The resonant enhancement and lack of phasematching re- quirements enable the FROG measurement of ultrashort white-light continuum laser pulses.

We produce quasi-ordered arrays of sharp, conical microstructures by structuring the surface of a silicon wafer using femtosecond laser-assisted etching. Analysis of the arrays shows high, stable field emission without any further processing. The sharp, micrometer-sized conical structures result from irradiation of a silicon surface with hundreds of femtosecond-laser pulses in an atmosphere of SF6. These conical microstructures have sharp tips with a radius of curvature of about 250 nm and a subtended angle of less than 20°. They are 10–14 µm tall, have tip-to-tip separations of 6–10 µm, and... Read more about Fabrication of Micrometer-Sized Conical Field Emitters Using Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Etching of Silicon